Norway编辑历史

# Norway

Norway is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, occupying the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. It is known for its dramatic fjords, mountainous terrain, and extensive coastline along the North Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea. The nation's capital and largest city is Oslo. Norway is a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary democracy, with a high standard of living and a mixed economy heavily reliant on natural resources such as petroleum, natural gas, fisheries, and hydroelectric power. The country has a rich cultural heritage rooted in Viking history, folklore, and modern design, and it is frequently ranked among the world's most prosperous and peaceful nations.

## 1 Geography

Norway's geography is defined by its rugged coastline, deep fjords, and high mountains. The country covers approximately 385,207 square kilometers, including the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Jan Mayen.

### 1.1 Physical Features

The landscape of Norway is dominated by the Scandinavian Mountains and a highly indented coastline.

#### 1.1.1 Fjords and Coastline

The Norwegian coastline, one of the longest in the world, stretches over 2,500 kilometers, with countless islands and skerries adding tens of thousands more. The most iconic features are the fjords—deep, narrow inlets carved by glacial activity. Major fjords include the Sognefjord (the longest and deepest), the Hardangerfjord, and the Geirangerfjord, a UNESCO World Heritage site.

#### 1.1.2 Mountains and Plateaus

The Scandinavian Mountains (Kjølen) run through the entire length of Norway, forming the border with Sweden for much of its distance. The highest peak is Galdhøpiggen at 2,469 meters. Vast plateaus such as Hardangervidda, the largest mountain plateau in Europe, support reindeer herds and offer extensive hiking.

#### 1.1.3 Glaciers

Norway has numerous glaciers, the largest being Jostedalsbreen, covering about 487 square kilometers. Other notable glaciers include Svartisen and Folgef